In Vivo Evaluation of Carboxylated Graphene Oxide's Impact on Oxidative Stress and Other Biochemical Markers in Snail Helix Locurum.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether carboxylated graphene oxide (GO-COOH) has any influence on the oxidative stress response of tissue, cell membrane necrosis, or glucose levels in the snail Helix locurum. Snails (40 animals, average weight 22g) were gathered near Prishtina (Gërmia park), Kosovo, from an unpolluted region. They were fed cabbage-Brassica oleracea for two weeks during the acclimation period. A solution of GO-COOH (1 ppm) was produced and stored at 4°C. The animals were divided into four groups, with the first serving as a control, and the remaining groups receiving 0.25 μg/g GO-COOH per os and 0.25μg/g GO-COOH in the snail foot. After 24 hours (second group), 48 hours (third group), and 72 hours (fourth group), the animals were euthanized. Enzymatic activity (catalase) was determined in centrifuged homogenates of the hepatopancreas, albumin gland, gut, and mantle. LDH and glucose levels were determined using the snail's hemolymph. Catalase activity results indicated a time-dependent increase in enzyme activity between 24h and 72h. The results of the LDH activity in hemolymph shown that while enzyme activity is significantly increased in the 24h group compared to the control group, it tends to decrease in the 48h and 72h groups. A similar pattern was observed for the glucose levels in animal hemolymph. The data indicate that GOCOOH has an influence on membrane necrosis and the oxidative stress response in several snail tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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