Association of gut‐specific non‐inflammatory T lymphocytes with chronic anorexia nervosa and constitutional thinness.

CYTOKINES; FLOW cytometry; INTERLEUKINS; INFLAMMATION; REGULATORY T cells; LEANNESS; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; T cells; ANOREXIA nervosa; LONGITUDINAL method

Objective: Previous studies of AN showed low‐grade inflammation. Are low‐grade inflammation and circulating lymphocytes associated with chronic conditions? Method: Peripheric blood cytokines were measured using Luminex™ technology in a chronic AN cohort (mean = 67.42 months), compared to Constitutional Thinness (CT), Constitutional Obesity (CO), and Healthy Controls (HC). Secondarily a prospective cohort of chronic AN (mean = 54.11 months) was recruited to compare the functional lymphocyte profile in blood by flow cytometry to CT and HC. Results: In the AN group, most cytokine concentrations were lower than in CT and HC groups. The IL‐23 (98.02 pg/ml) was elevated related to HC and CO, and the IL‐10 (4.178 pg/ml) was elevated versus CO. In the CT group, IL‐9 (0.06216 pg/ml) was elevated compared to AN. The AN group had high Treg (9.259% of CD4+) and CD8+Integrinβ7+ (9.552% of CD3+) versus HC for lymphocyte populations. In CT group, elevated Treg (9.7% of CD4+) elevated percentage of CD4+CCR9+ (5.867% of CD3+) and CD8+Integrinβ7+ (10.21% of CD3+) were found versus HC. Conclusions: The chronic state of AN and CT is surprisingly non‐inflammatory with elevated Treg cells. These results suggest that maintaining a dysregulated response to intestinal antigens may contribute to maintaining AN. Key points: Constitutional thinness and chronic anorexia nervosa show that thinness is associated with a close immunological patternCytokine profile of constitutional thinness and chronic anorexia nervosa is not pro‐inflammatoryCirculating lymphocytes profile in constitutional thinness and anorexia nervosa is not pro‐inflammatory [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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