LA CAUSALITÉ DANS UN TEXTE DE VULGARISATION MÉDICALE: QUELLES FORMES LINGUISTIQUES? (French)

Causality in a Popular Medical Text: Which Linguistic Forms? (English)
Uzročnost u popularizacijskom medicinskom tekstu: koji jezični oblici? (Croatian)

This study is part of a project on "customized and supportive communication" ("rédaction bienveillante"; Clerc 2019), which is aimed at disseminating science to readers with a low level of literacy. Its goal is to identify effective linguistic strategies for popularizing texts through reformulation. Since scientific texts are mainly based on "causal" logical relations, this article discusses how to reformulate a popular medical text, whose main causal relation is expressed as final causality. Since scientific texts are mainly based on "causal" logical relations, this article discusses how to reformulate a popular medical text, whose main causal relation is expressed as final causality. On one hand, a reformulation strategy based on the most explicit causal conjunction, namely the prototypical connector parce que ('because'), has proven to be inadequate. On the other hand, this connector appeared to be possible with its argumentative function; however, this "argumentative" use implies crucial modifications in the arrangement of the propositions and produces a more complex text. Instead, a reformu lation strategy based on the conditional "if P, then Q" appeared to be more appropriate and less complex. This research shows that a causal connector is characterized as more or less appropriate not because of its meaning per se, but because of the thematic progression and the communicative macro-act that it enhances. In conclusion, it is argued that popularizing reformulation should not have a strictly lexical-syntactic approach, but should take the pragmatic dimension of language into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cette étude se situe dans le cadre d'un projet de « rédaction bienveillante » (Clerc 2019), finalisé à la divulgation scientifique auprès de lecteurs ayant un faible niveau de littératie. Son objectif est d'identifier des reformulations plus efficaces dans la rédaction de textes scientifiques, qui sont essentiellement basés sur des liens logiques de nature causale. Dans ce texte de vulgarisation médicale, la principale relation causale est exprimée sous la forme d'une causalité finale. Il a été question de vérifier quelles structures alternatives pouvaient être utilisées pour exprimer cette même relation causale. La reformulation avec le moyen d'expression de la cause le plus explicite, à savoir le connecteur prototypique parce que s'est révélé inadéquat; en revanche ce connecteur est apparu possible avec sa fonction argumentative, impliquant cependant des modifications dans l'agencement des propositions, et produisant ainsi un énoncé plus complexe. La reformulation au moyen de la conditionnelle en si - « si P, alors Q » - est apparue la plus appropriée, tout en étant moins complexe. Cette recherche a permis de mettre en évidence que ce qui détermine la nature plus ou moins appropriée d'un connecteur (i.e. afin que au lieu de parce que) ou bien l'ordre des faits de la relation causale, ce n'est pas le sens en soi du connecteur, mais l'ensemble du discours, avec son macro-acte communicatif et la progression thématique, d'où la nécessité d'une approche non seulement strictement syntactico-lexicale mais aussi pragmatique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovo istraživanje dio je projekta „dobrohotnoga pisanja" (Clerc 2019), kojega je cilj diseminacija znanosti među čitateljima niske razine pismenosti. Cilj istraživanja jest identificirati učinkovite jezične strategije za popularizaciju znanstvenih tekstova pomoću reformulacije. Kako se znanstveni tekstovi većinom temelje na „uzročnim" logičkim odnosima, u ovom se članku pretresa pitanje kako reformulirati popularni medicinski tekst kojega se glavni uzročni odnos izražuje finalnom uzročnošću. Reformulacijska strategija koje se temelji na najeksplicitnijem načinu izraživanja uzroka, naime na prototipičnom vezniku parce que ('jer'), pokazala se neprimjerenom. S druge strane, ovaj se spojnik ukazuje moguć u svojoj argumentacijskoj funkciji, podrazumijevajući, međutim, bitne modifikacije u rasporedu propozicijā, stvarajući tako složeniji tekst. Reformulacijska strategija koja se temelji na kondicionalu „ako P, onda Q" učinila se prikladnijom i manje složenom. Ovo je istraživanje pokazalo da se uzročni spojnik može karakterizirati kao više ili manje prikladan ne zbog svojega značenja po sebi, nego zbog tematičke progresije i komunikacijskoga makročina koji on pospješuje. U zaključku se argumentira da popularizacijska reformulacija ne bi smjela imati strogo leksičko-sintaktički pristup, nego da bi se morala oprijeti i o pragmatičku dimenziju. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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