Pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh di Semenanjung Malaysia. (Indonesian)

Disaster risk management of landslides in Peninsular Malaysia. (English)

MALAYA; MALAYSIA

Landslide is one of the major disasters that occur in Malaysia. Despite various initiatives undertaken by the government to reduce their occurrences, landslide incidents continue to occur, resulting in loss of life and property. The development process coupled with climate change increases the risk of landslides. This manuscript briefly looks at the causal factors of landslides and identifies requirements for landslide risk management to identify options to strengthen landslide risk management in Peninsular Malaysia. Risk management encompassing identification of hazards, vulnerabilities and exposure of elements can prevent landslides from becoming a disaster. The study conducted, noted that the present approach in landslide disaster management has not fully incorporated the landslide disaster risk management approach. Key aspects such as legislation, institutions, zoning of disaster risk areas, risk transfer mechanisms and financial allocations require serious consideration. The determination of the legal basis to incorporate risk management measures, which will set out the needed mandates, jurisdiction and responsibility is one of the important steps. It will help ensure that decision making processes are risk-based, and strengthen the processes in preparing disaster risk maps, comprehensive databases using landslide inventory and register. It would also help in the preparation of early warning and emergency response systems as well as bolster community involvement, awareness, and public education. These will require a holistic approach in landslide disaster risk management. It will support the effort undertaken by government and stakeholders to incorporate the four priority areas of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 which can effectively help reduce the risk of landslides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bencana tanah runtuh merupakan salah satu bencana utama yang dihadapi di Malaysia. Insiden tanah runtuh masih berlaku walaupun pelbagai inisiatif telah dilaksanakan untuk menanganinya. Bencana tanah runtuh boleh menyebabkan kehilangan nyawa dan kerugian harta benda. Proses pembangunan dan faktor perubahan iklim mendedahkan lagi risiko bencana tanah runtuh. Manuskrip ini melihat secara ringkas faktor penyebab bencana tanah runtuh, mengenalpasti keperluan asas dalam pendekatan pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh, meneliti pendekatan pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh serta mencadangkan opsyen pengukuhan pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh di Semenanjung Malaysia. Pengurusan risiko adalah langkah terbaik untuk mengurangkan kejadian tanah runtuh melalui pengenalpastian bahaya, keterdedahan dan elemen berisiko yang boleh mengelakkan kemudahterancaman dan bahaya tanah runtuh daripada menjadi bencana. Hasil kajian mendapati pendekatan risiko bencana tanah runtuh di Semenanjung Malaysia masih belum mengambilkira pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh sepenuhnya. Pertimbangan terhadap keperluan mandat perundangan dan institusi, pengezonan kawasan bahaya dan risiko bencana, mekanisme pemindahan risiko dan peruntukan kewangan perlu diberi perhatian mendalam. Antara langkah utama yang perlu diambil ialah menentukan punca kuasa untuk menerapkan aspek pengurusan risiko di dalam instrumen perundangan sedia ada, untuk membantu menentukan mandat, bidang kuasa dan tanggungjawab. Ini akan membantu mengesyorkan proses membuat keputusan berasaskan maklumat risiko, dan mengukuhkan proses penyediaan peta risiko bencana serta pangkalan data yang komprehensif menggunakan inventori risiko dan daftar tanah runtuh. Ia juga akan membantu dalam penyediaan sistem amaran awal dan tindakbalas kecemasan serta mengukuhkan penglibatan komuniti, kesedaran dan pendidikan awam. Kesemua ini, memerlukan pendekatan pengurusan risiko bencana tanah runtuh yang holistik. Ini akan membantu usaha kerajaan dan pihak berkepentingan menerapkan empat bidang keutamaan Kerangka Sendai bagi Pengurangan Risiko Bencana 2015-2030 yang merupakan pendekatan yang efektif untuk mengurangkan risiko bencana tanah runtuh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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