- Alternate Title:
The ideological background of the One Belt, One Road initiative: a geopolitical agenda under construction. (English)
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- Abstract:
The article analyzes the One Belt, One Road initiative promoted by Chinese President Xi Jinping. This initiative seeks to establish a vital logistics network that guarantees strategic factors for China's trade and industry, and the Middle East region plays a key role in this project. The strategies of this initiative are based on the social and cultural links between China and the Middle East, and they are developed in non-confrontational areas. The relationship between China and the Middle East is mainly defined by their interdependence in energy matters, with investments focused on hydrocarbon infrastructure. Additionally, the importance of logistics spaces in this initiative is highlighted, and the priority of land routes over maritime routes for China is mentioned. China's One Belt, One Road initiative seeks to establish an alternative land-based logistics network to ensure the operability of its logistics network amid political tensions with the West. China has promoted its relations and influence in the Middle East region to open up opportunities for infrastructure projects. Furthermore, China has adopted a conciliatory stance in the negotiations on the Iranian nuclear program. The religious and cultural ties of ethnic minority groups in China, such as the Uighurs, influence China's foreign policy. The One Belt, One Road initiative allows China to deploy its logistics networks globally and establish specific strategies in each region. China seeks to maintain agreements with regional rivals and avoid conflicts with other nations. The initiative also promotes China as an alternative to the Western status quo and has been positively perceived in the Middle East region. The initiative implies a deepening of interdependencies with the states of the region through the promotion of state-owned enterprises, its political model, and commercial ties. The People's Republic of China has developed an effective strategy to assimilate the Middle East region into its One Belt, One Road macro-project. This strategy is based on active diplomacy and seeks to reconfigure global logistics spaces. China has established strategic partnerships with several Arab countries and has invested in sectors such as energy, technology, and infrastructure in the region. Through these investments, China seeks to increase its influence and power in the region more effectively than through traditional military approaches. Additionally, China takes advantage of crises and internal situations in countries to deepen its commitments and ensure the supply of resources, such as oil. Although China avoids confrontational areas, it seeks to promote itself as a tolerant and multi-confessional state through the promotion of religious pilgrimages and the encouragement of the flow of Hui Muslim believers. Overall, China seeks to exercise proactive, pragmatic, and conciliatory leadership in the region, in contrast to the Western approach of imposing values and political or economic systems. Although One Belt, One Road is in an early stage, China has managed to establish an effective strategy for its implementation and seeks to reconfigure global logistics spaces in the Middle East. Logistics geography allows for the identification of vital logistics networks of an economy and the importance of controlling them. The One Belt, One Road initiative coordinates the role of each region in its global network. Stability in the Middle East is crucial for this initiative. China seeks to position itself as a viable alternative to the West and expand its influence in the region. Chinese diplomacy acts as a mediator, investor, and alternative for development. China seeks to consolidate itself as a global economic center through this strategy. [Extracted from the article]
- Abstract:
El artículo analiza la iniciativa One Belt, One Road promovida por el presidente Xi Jinping de China. Esta iniciativa busca establecer una red logística vital que garantice factores estratégicos para el comercio e industria de China, y la región del Medio Oriente juega un papel clave en este proyecto. Las estrategias de esta iniciativa se basan en los vínculos sociales y culturales entre China y el Medio Oriente, y se desarrollan en ámbitos no confrontativos. La relación entre China y el Medio Oriente se define principalmente por su interdependencia en materia energética, con inversiones enfocadas en la infraestructura de hidrocarburos. Además, se destaca la importancia de los espacios logísticos en esta iniciativa, y se menciona la prioridad de las vías terrestres sobre las marítimas para China. La iniciativa One Belt, One Road de China busca establecer una red logística alternativa por vía terrestre para garantizar la operatividad de su red logística en medio de las tensiones políticas con Occidente. China ha promovido sus relaciones e influencia en la región de Medio Oriente para abrir campo a proyectos de infraestructura. Además, China ha adoptado una postura conciliadora en las negociaciones del programa nuclear iraní. Los lazos religiosos y culturales de los grupos étnicos minoritarios en China, como los uigures, influyen en la política exterior de China. La iniciativa One Belt, One Road permite a China desplegar sus redes logísticas globalmente y establecer estrategias específicas en cada región. China busca mantener acuerdos con rivales regionales y evitar conflictos con otras naciones. La iniciativa también promueve a China como una alternativa al statu quo occidental y ha sido percibida de manera positiva en la región de Medio Oriente. La iniciativa implica una profundización de las interdependencias con los Estados de la región a través de la promoción de empresas estatales, su modelo político y lazos comerciales. La República Popular China ha desarrollado una estrategia eficaz para asimilar la región de Medio Oriente en su macroproyecto One Belt, One Road. Esta estrategia se basa en la diplomacia activa y busca reconfigurar los espacios logísticos globales. China ha establecido asociaciones estratégicas con varios países árabes y ha invertido en sectores como la energía, la tecnología y la infraestructura en la región. A través de estas inversiones, China busca aumentar su influencia y poder en la región de manera más efectiva que a través de enfoques militares tradicionales. Además, China aprovecha las crisis y las coyunturas internas de los países para profundizar sus compromisos y garantizar el suministro de recursos, como el petróleo. Aunque China evita áreas confrontativas, busca promoverse como un Estado tolerante y multiconfesional a través de la promoción de peregrinaciones religiosas y el fomento del flujo de creyentes musulmanes hui. En general, China busca ejercer un liderazgo proactivo, pragmático y conciliador en la región, en contraste con el enfoque occidental de imponer valores y sistemas políticos o económicos. Aunque One Belt, One Road está en una etapa temprana, China ha logrado establecer una estrategia efectiva para su implementación y busca reconfigurar los espacios logísticos globales en Medio Oriente. La geografía logística permite identificar las redes logísticas vitales de una economía y la importancia de controlarlas. La iniciativa One Belt, One Road coordina el rol de cada región en su red global. La estabilidad en Medio Oriente es crucial para esta iniciativa. China busca posicionarse como una alternativa viable a Occidente y expandir su influencia en la región. La diplomacia china actúa como mediadora, inversora y alternativa de desarrollo. China busca consolidarse como centro económico global a través de esta estrategia. [Extracted from the article]
- Abstract:
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