몽골제국의 위구르력과 중수대명력(重修⼤明曆). (Korean)

Uighur Calendar and Revised Daming-li Adopted in the Mongol Empire. (English)

CENTRAL Asia; IRAN

The Chinese-Uighur calendar, the so-called 'Qitai calendar', was used for a century in Mongol Ilkhanid (1256-1335). Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1202-1274), a Persian astronomer of the 13th century, first introduced the Qitai calendar in his Īlkhānī-zij, which he compiled with Chinese astronomers at the Maragha Observatory under the order of Hulagu Khan (1215-1265). After his zij, the calender was described in a number of Islamic zijes in Iran and Central Asia. This calendar was used among the Mongols, Uighurs, and Turks of the ruling class in the Mongol Ulus. The Qitai calendar is a luni-solar calendar that combines the astronomical parameters and calculation methods of Chinese and Uighur calendars. It is known that the calendar is based on the Revised Daming-li (重修大明曆) of Jin (金) dynasty adopted in 1215 and the Futian-li (符天曆) of the Tang (唐) period. This paper, therefore, examines the contents and origins of the Qitai calendar through exploring its relationship with the Revised Daming-li and the Futian-li. Particularly, by comparing astronomical constants and calculation methods used in the both calendars, we trace the exchanges and reciprocal influence of astronomical knowledge between the East and the West during the Mongol period. As a result, we unravel how calendrical knowledge based on the Revised Daming-li had an exerted important influence on the compilation of the Qitai calendar in Mongol Ilkhan and the Shoushi-li (授 時曆) in Mongol Yuan (元). Moreover, we can see how long the Qitai calendar and the Shoushi-li influenced neighboring countries in the East and the West of Central Asia, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Korean Journal for the History of Science is the property of Korean History of Science Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)