نظام المالكانة وتطبيقاتها قي بالد الشام خالل العهد العثماني (1839-1723). (Arabic)

LEBANON; PALESTINE

The research deals with the military feudal system in the Ottoman Empire following its collapse, such as the financial deficit that ravaged the country in the second half of the century and the sultans' attempt to search for an alternative that contributes to increasing economic distress and the search of the eighteenth Sultans of Gurg to find an alternative to meet the material deficit faced by the Ottoman Empire due to the corruption of the Janissary regime and abandoned it Its tasks and the failure of the commitment and boycotting system except in Lebanon and the fact that Sultan Ahmed III was obliged to implement the Malakana system, according to the documents and historians of that period. M especially Palestine the majority of its cities have been deliberately successors of Sultan Ahmed III, especially Sultan Mustafa III 1757_1774maly buy Reda clans Beersheba exemption from taxes for a period of five years The research deals with the military feudal system in the Ottoman Empire following its collapse, such as the financial deficit that ravaged the country in the second half of the century and the sultans' attempt to search for an alternative that contributes to increasing economic distress and the search of the eighteenth Sultans of Gurg to find an alternative to meet the material deficit faced by the Ottoman Empire due to the corruption of the Janissary regime and abandoned it Its tasks and the failure of the commitment and boycotting system except in Lebanon and the fact that Sultan Ahmed III was obliged to implement the Malakana system, according to the documents and historians of that period. M especially Palestine the majority of its cities have been deliberately successors of Sultan Ahmed III, especially Sultan Mustafa III 1757_1774maly buy Reda clans Beersheba exemption from taxes for a period of five years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

يعالج البحث نظام اإلقطاع العسكري في بالد الشام إبان الدولة العثمانية، والعجزالمالي الذي عصف بالدولة في النصف الثاني للقرن الثامن عشر، ومحاولة السالطين البحث عن بديل يسهم في عدم تزايد الضائقة االقتصادية ، وبحث سالطين القرن الثامن عشر عن موارد مالية لتالفي العجز المادي التي واجهته الدولة العثمانية إثر فساد نظام االنكشارية وتخليها عن مهامها، وفشل نظام االلتزام والمقاطعجية باستثناء لبنان ، واضطرارالسلطان أحمد الثالث إلى تطبيق نظام )*( المالكانة ، وبحسب الوثائق ومؤرخي تلك المرحلة أن بيع المالكانات لمن حظي بالحصول عليها ج ّسد ظاهرة االرستقراطية في معظم الواليات، والسيما في بالد الشام فلسطين بغالبية مدنها، وقد عمد خلفاء السلطان أحمد الثالث والسيما السلطان مصطفى الثالث1757-1774م إلى شراء رضا عشائر بئر السبع بإعفائها من الضرائب لمدة خمس سنوات. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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