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БІЗНЕС, ПРАВА ЛЮДИНИ ТА НОВИЙ СУСПІЛЬНИЙ ДОГОВІР У ЦИФРОВУ ЕПОХУ. (Ukrainian)
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- Author(s): Размєтаєва, Юлія
- Source:
Philosophy of Law & General Theory of Law / Filosofia Prava i Zagal'na Teoria Prava; 2021, Issue 1, p134-145, 12p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Alternate Title: Business, Human Rights and a New Social Contract in the Digital Age. (English)
Бизнес, права человека и новый общественный договор в цифровую эпоху. (Russian) - Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of concluding a new social contract in the digital age, taking into account the its peculiarities and the complex challenges in the field of business and human rights. The issues of the need to renegotiate such an agreement, the composition of the parties and its basic conditions are considered. It is emphasized that the almost uncontrolled activities and growing power of companies are not the only, but one of the most important reasons for revising the contract. The article argues that the features of the digital age that affect the reasons for the conclusion and content of a new social contract are as follows: a significant part of all activities of entities takes place in cyberspace or has an online component; digital tools are extremely common in both public and private life; data become key to any economic, social, political activity; the amount of data is huge, and the speed of their spread is incredibly high; the development of societies is uneven, and it is exacerbated by the digital divide; the power of business structures is growing, including their ability to modify the behavior of users of digital tools. The main threats to the existing social contract are a significant imbalance between the rights and obligations of the parties, the ineffectiveness of instruments to control its observance, the asymmetry of power, and the formation of a regulatory framework by companies against their role in the private sector. Attempts to include business in the treaty, leaving human rights and justice at the center, including legitimacy and the negotiation of conditions with equal participation of individuals, civil society, companies and governments, are considered. The reasons for the potential loss of power of the existing social contract in the digital age are given, including the examples exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article emphasizes the need to reconcile the responsibilities of participants, as well as to take into account the consequences of the interpenetration of online and offline life, accelerated digitization, deepening the technological gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Статья посвящена проблеме заключения нового общественного договора в цифровую эпоху, с учетом особенностей последней и сложных вызовов в сфере бизнеса и прав человека. Рассматриваются вопросы о потребности в перезаключении такого договора, составе сторон и его основных условиях. Подчеркивается, что почти неконтролируемая деятельность и растущая мощь компаний выступают не единственной, однако одной из наиболее важных причин для пересмотра контракта. В статье утверждается, что теми особенностями цифровой эры, которые сказываются на причинах появления и содержании нового общественного договора, являются такие: значительная часть всех видов деятельности субъектов происходит в киберпространстве или имеет онлайн-компонент; цифровые инструменты чрезвычайно распространены как в публичной, так и в частной жизни; данные становятся ключевыми для любой экономической, социальной, политической деятельности; объем данных чрезвычайно велик, а скорость их распространения невероятно высока; развитие обществ неравномерно, и оно усиливается цифровым разрывом; могущество бизнес-структур растет, в том числе растет их способность модифицировать поведение пользователей цифровых инструментов. Основными угрозами для имеющегося социального контракта определяются существенный дисбаланс между правами и обязанностями сторон, неэффективность инструментов контроля за его соблюдением, асимметрия власти, формирование компаниями нормативной рамки вопреки их роли в частном секторе. Рассматриваются попытки включить бизнес в число сторон договора, оставив в центре права человека и справедливость, в том числе легитимность и согласование условий при равном участии индивидов, гражданского общества, компаний и правительств. Приводятся причины потенциальной потери силы имеющимся общественным договором в цифровую эру, в том числе на примерах, которые обострила пандемия COVID-19. Подчеркивается необходимость согласовать ответственность участников, а также учесть последствия взаимопроникновения онлайн и офлайн жизни, ускоренную цифровизацию, углубление технологического разрыва. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Philosophy of Law & General Theory of Law / Filosofia Prava i Zagal'na Teoria Prava is the property of Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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