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In1-Ghrelin Splicing Variant as a Key Element in the Pathophysiological Association Between Obesity and Prostate Cancer.
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- Author(s): Jiménez-Vacas, Juan M.; Montero-Hidalgo, Antonio J.; Gómez-Gómez, Enrique; Fuentes-Fayos, Antonio C.; Ruiz-Pino, Francisco; Guler, Ipek; Camargo, Antonio; Anglada, Francisco J.; Carrasco-Valiente, Julia; Tena-Sempere, Manuel; Sarmento-Cabral, André; Castaño, Justo P.; Gahete, Manuel D.; Luque, Raúl M.
- Source:
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism; Dec2021, Vol. 106 Issue 12, pe4956-e4968, 13p- Subject Terms:
GHRELIN; PATHOLOGICAL physiology; OBESITY; BLOOD sugar analysis; PROTEINS; RESEARCH; RESEARCH methodology; RNA; RETROSPECTIVE studies; CASE-control method; PROGNOSIS; MEDICAL cooperation; EVALUATION research; TYPE 2 diabetes; COMPARATIVE studies; RECEIVER operating characteristic curves; PROSTATE-specific antigen; BODY mass index; PROSTATE tumors; LONGITUDINAL method - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract:
Context: Recent studies emphasize the importance of considering the metabolic status to develop personalized medicine approaches. This is especially relevant in prostate cancer (PCa), wherein the diagnostic capability of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) dramatically drops when considering patients with PSA levels ranging from 3 to 10 ng/mL, the so-called grey zone. Hence, additional noninvasive diagnostic and/or prognostic PCa biomarkers are urgently needed, especially in the metabolic-status context.Objective: To assess the potential relation of urine In1-ghrelin (a ghrelin-splicing variant) levels with metabolic-related/pathological conditions (eg, obesity, diabetes, body mass index, insulin and glucose levels) and to define its potential clinical value in PCa (diagnostic/prognostic capacity) and relationship with PCa risk in patients with PSA in the grey zone.Methods: Urine In1-ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in a clinically, metabolically, pathologically well-characterized cohort of patients without (n = 397) and with (n = 213) PCa with PSA in the grey zone.Results: Key obesity-related factors associated with PCa risk (BMI, diabetes, glucose and insulin levels) were strongly correlated to In1-ghrelin levels. Importantly, In1-ghrelin levels were higher in PCa patients compared to control patients with suspect of PCa but negative biopsy). Moreover, high In1-ghrelin levels were associated with increased PCa risk and linked to PCa aggressiveness (eg, tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion). In1-ghrelin levels added significant diagnostic value to a clinical model consisting of age, suspicious digital rectal exam, previous biopsy, and PSA levels. Furthermore, a multivariate model consisting of clinical and metabolic variables, including In1-ghrelin levels, showed high specificity and sensitivity to diagnose PCa (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.740).Conclusions: Urine In1-ghrelin levels are associated with obesity-related factors and PCa risk and aggressiveness and could represent a novel and valuable noninvasive PCa biomarker, as well as a potential link in the pathophysiological relationship between obesity and PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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