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VARIACIÓN DE RASGOS DEL XILEMA SECUNDARIO DE BULNESIA RETAMA (ZYGOPHYLLACEAE) A LO LARGO DE UN GRADIENTE DE ARIDEZ EN EL CENTRO-OESTE DE ARGENTINA.
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- Additional Information
- Alternate Title:
Variation in Bulnesia retama (Zygophyllaceae) secondary xylem traits along an aridity gradient in central-western Argentina.
- Abstract:
El estudio del xilema secundario de Bulnesia retama a lo largo de un gradiente de aridez permite encontrar variaciones entre los diferentes tipos celulares del xilema que predicen la tolerancia de esta especie a la aridez. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una descripción anatómica del xilema secundario mediante cortes transversales, analizar la variación de rasgos considerados de importancia para la supervivencia en ambientes áridos, como el porcentaje de vasos, fibras y parénquima y el grosor de la pared de fibras, y también la densidad del leño. Las muestras se obtuvieron de las ramas primarias de plantas provenientes de cuatro localidades a lo largo de un gradiente de aridez (Médanos Grandes, Bermejo, Marayes y Chepes, provincias de San Juan y La Rioja, Argentina). Se realizaron cortes transversales, se observaron con microscopio óptico y se obtuvieron imágenes digitales que se analizaron con el programa ImageJ. Los resultados indican que los vasos son pequeños, numerosos y distribuidos de manera diagonal; el parénquima axial es de tipo apotraqueal difuso. Asimismo, se observó que hacia los sitios más áridos, el área total de fibras aumenta significativamente y el área de parénquima disminuye. Por otro lado, el área total de vasos no presentó cambios, mientras que el grosor de pared de fibra aumentó levemente con el incremento de la aridez. Estos rasgos sugieren que B. retama posee un leño altamente tolerante a la sequía presentando plasticidad fenotípica a lo largo del gradiente de aridez, registrando además una madera xeromórfica de elevada densidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
The study of secondary xylem of Bulnesia retama along an aridity gradient allowed finding variations among different xylem cell types that can be used to predict tolerance of this species to aridity. The aim of this work was to carry out an anatomical description of the secondary xylem through cross sections, to analyse the variation of traits considered to be important for survival in arid environments, such as the percentage of vessels, fibres and parenchyma, fibre wall thickness, and wood density. The samples were obtained from primary branches of plants from four locations along an aridity gradient (Médanos Grandes, Bermejo, Marayes and Chepes, San Juan and La Rioja provinces, Argentina). Cross sections were observed with optical microscope and resulting digital images were analysed with ImageJ software. The results indicate that vessels are small, numerous and diagonally distributed, axial parenchyma is apotracheal diffuse. A significant increase in total fibre area and a decrease in parenchyma area with increases in aridity were observed. Total vessel area did not show any changes, while fibre wall thickness increased slightly with aridity. These traits suggest that B. retama has a highly drought-tolerant wood showing phenotypic plasticity along the aridity gradient, also registering a high-density xeromorphic wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract:
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