The Role of Histone Deacetylases I and IIa (HDAC1, HDAC4/5) and the MAPK38 Signaling Pathway in the Regulation of Atrophic Processes under Skeletal Muscle Unloading.

Various forms of muscle unloading can be found in patients with prolonged bed rest, with strokes and spinal lesions, during muscle immobilization in traumatology, under zero gravity, etc. During unloading, postural muscles (for example, m. soleus) are mainly affected. The rearrangement of skeletal muscles during unloading is based on their atrophy due to an increase in proteolysis and a decrease in the intensity of protein synthesis [1, 2]. The review is devoted to the study of the role of histone deacetylases I and IIa (HDAC1, HDAC4/5), as well as the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, in the activation of FoxO and myogenin transcription factors involved in the expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 genes encoding E3 ubiquitin ligases under skeletal muscle unloading conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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