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Brain structural trajectories in youth at familial risk for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder according to development of psychosis spectrum symptoms.
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- Author(s): Sugranyes, Gisela; Serna, Elena; Ilzarbe, Daniel; Pariente, Jose Carlos; Borras, Roger; Romero, Soledad; Rosa, Mireia; Baeza, Inmaculada; Moreno, Maria Dolores; Bernardo, Miguel; Vieta, Eduard; Castro‐Fornieles, Josefina
- Source:
Journal of Child Psychology. Jun2021, Vol. 62 Issue 6, p780-789. 10p. 1 Chart, 2 Graphs. - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms: RISK factors of schizophrenia in children; GENETICS of bipolar disorder; BRAIN; SCHIZOPHRENIA in children; PSYCHOSES; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; MEDICAL screening; RISK assessment; PRE-tests & post-tests; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; BIPOLAR disorder; LONGITUDINAL method; DISEASE risk factors; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENCE
- Abstract: Background: The evaluation of child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia (SzO) or bipolar disorder (BpO) may help understand changes taking place in the brain in individuals at heightened risk for disease during a key developmental period. Methods: One hundred twenty‐eight individuals (33 SzO and 46 BpO, considered jointly as 'Familial High Risk' (FHR), and 49 controls) aged 6–17 years underwent clinical, cognitive and neuroimaging assessment at baseline, 2‐ and 4‐year follow‐up. Twenty FHR participants (11 SzO and 9 BpO) developed psychotic spectrum symptoms during follow‐up, while 59 FHR participants did not. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 3Tesla scanner; cortical surface reconstruction was applied to measure cortical thickness, surface area and grey matter volume. Results: FHR participants who developed psychotic spectrum symptoms over time showed greater time‐related mean cortical thinning than those who did not and than controls. By subgroups, this effect was present in both BpO and SzO in the occipital cortex. At baseline, FHR participants who developed psychotic spectrum symptoms over time had smaller total surface area and grey matter volume than those who did not and than controls. Over time, all FHR participants showed less longitudinal decrease in surface area than controls. In those who developed psychotic spectrum symptoms over time, this effect was driven by BpO, while in those who did not, this was due to SzO, who also showed less grey matter volume reduction. Conclusion: The emergence of psychotic spectrum symptoms in FHR was indexed by smaller cross‐sectional surface area and progressive cortical thinning. Relative preservation of surface area over time may signal different processes according to familial risk. These findings lay the foundation for future studies aimed at stratification of FHR youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Child Psychology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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