Una democracia frágil sin valores democráticos: Brasil en el siglo xxi. (Spanish)

A Fragile Democracy without democratic values: Brazil in the xxist century. (English)

The election as president of Jair Bolsonaro in 2018, shocked some academic and political circles. However, if we look back at Brazil's historical and political trajectory, his election should not come as a surprise. For this reason, we discuss, based on the concept of hybrid political culture, the election of Bolsonaro in 2018 as an exploratory reflection of the fragility of Brazilian democracy. Based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data from the Seventh Wave of World Values Survey (WVS), collected in 2018 and 2019, we characterize the political culture of Brazilians as authoritarian and conservative, despite a general support for the democratic idea. In this sense, we understand that this political culture has contributed to the development of an inertial democracy that is sustained in its processes, but not in democratic values. We also retrace a brief political history to show that Brazilian politics has a pattern of instability. Our conclusions indicate that democracy remains fragile in Brazil, because the hybrid political culture, exacerbated by the election of a president who clearly defends an authoritarian outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La elección como presidente de Jair Bolsonaro en el año 2018 sorprendió a algunos medios académicos y políticos. Sin embargo, a la luz de la trayectoria histórica y política de Brasil, su elección no parece una sorpresa. Por ello, nos proponemos reflexionar de manera exploratoria, a partir del concepto de cultura política hibrida, sobre la elección de Bolsonaro en 2018 como un reflejo de la fragilidad de la democracia brasileña. A partir del análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos de la séptima ola de Encuesta Mundial de Valores (EMV), recolectados entre 2018 y 2019, caracterizamos la cultura política de los brasileños como autoritaria y conservadora, a pesar de un apoyo general a la idea democrática. En ese sentido, entendemos que esta cultura política ha aportado al desarrollo de una democracia inercial que se sostiene en formas, pero no en valores democráticos. Un breve análisis de la historia política brasileña evidencia además que la inestabilidad parece ser regla y no excepción. Nuestras conclusiones indican que la democracia sigue siendo frágil por cuestiones relacionadas con la cultura política híbrida, agravada por la elección de un presidente que defiende claramente una salida autoritaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)