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Durkheim, the Social Sciences and the University: Inventory of a Failure.
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- Author(s): Karady, Victor
- Source:
Revue Française de Sociologie; apr-jun76, Vol. 17 Issue 2, p267-311, 46p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Alternate Title: Durkheim, Sozialwissenschaften und Universität: Bilanz eines halben Misserfolges. (German)
Durkheim, las ciencias sociales y la Universidad: estado del medlo fracaso. (Spanish)
Durkheim, les sciences sociales et l'Université : bilan d'un semi-échee. (French) - Subject Terms:
- Abstract: This article tries to clarify, by means of socio-historical survey data, the circumstances and the limits of institutionalisation of sociology in the French university system. The story of how the first courses in the discipline were created shows the relationship between the academic reception of sociology and the reform movement of higher studies which allowed a number of social sciences to enter the faculties of letters (geography, social history, psychology, pedagogy) and of law (political economy, political science, statistics). These innovations, in terms of subjects taught, correspond in various manners to the social functions of the faculties. They rest upon the scientific, institutional and social legitimacy these sciences possess to different degrees allowing to oppose sociology to the other social sciences introduced into the faculties of letters on the one hand, and, on the other hand, to those belonging to the law schools. Though Durkheim's sociological school has acquired a dominant position in the field of social studies proper, it continues to be dominated in the academic system for failing to achieve professionalisation of sociological research (on the external market place) and to guarantee its complete autonomy in the faculties. Durkheim's failure is expressed by the decline or stagnation of sociological teaching and research till the 1950s as shown by empirical indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: La historiografía tradicional de la sociología francesa considera Ia institucionalización universitaria de la sociología debida a la acción de Emile Durkheim y de su escuela, como enteramente acertada durante la vida del fundador del Année sociologique. Ese artículo, oponiéndose a esa idea admitida, procura aclarar por medio de Ia encuesta empírica las circunstancias precisas del desarrollo de Ia enseñanza sociológica en las facultades. Una exposición de la creación de los primeros cursos enseña las relaciones entre la recepción de la disciplina sociológica en la enseñanza superior, Ia reforma universitaria y la institucionalización de las demás ciencias sociales (geografía, historia social, economía política, ciencias políticas etc...). Responde ese movimiento a necesidades institucionales científicas y sociales que definen Ia legitimidad de las nuevas disciplinas. Los partidarios de Durkheim utilizaron un conjunto de estrategias para aprovechar mejor los differentes modos de legitimación a beneficio de su sociología personal. Siendo ésta de un estatuto científico elevado, aunque impugnado, y de una posición ideológica y política firme, no supo provocar la mutación de las funciones objetivas de las Faculdades de letras, su instituto de arranque, para asegurarse una situación comparable con la de las disciplines clásicas. El declive y ciertas characterísticas intelectuales de la práctica sociológica dominante provienen de eso hasta la época posterior de la segunda guerra mundial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Die traditionelle Historiographie der französischen Soziologie bretrachtet die Institutionalisierung der Soziologie in der Universität, des Werk Emile Durkheims und seiner Schüler, als vollen Erfolg noch zu Lebzeiten des Gründers der Année Sociologique. Der vorliegende Aufsatz widerspricht dieser herkömmlichen Ansicht und versucht anhand einer empirisehen Untersuchung, die genauen Umstände der Entwicklung der soziologischen Lehre in den Fakultäten zu beleuchten. Ein geschichtlicher Umriss der Einführung der ersten Vorlesungen zeigt die Beziehungen auf zwischen der Aufnahme des soziologischen Fachs im Hochschulunterricht, der Universitätsreform und der Institutionalisierung der übrigen Sozialwissenschaften (Geographie, Sozialgeschichte, Volkswirtschaft, politische Wissenschaften usw.). Diese Bewegung entspricht institutionelien, wissenschaftlichen und eigentlich sozialen Bedürfnissen, die diese neuen Fachbereiche rechtfertigen. Die Anhänger Durkheims haben eine ganze Reihe von Strategien aulgestellt zur bestmöglichen Ausnutzung der verschiedenen Legitimationsarten zum Vorteil ihrer eigenen Soziologie. Diese Soziologie, deren hochwissenschaftlicher Status nicht allgemein anerkannt wird, hat nicht, trotz einer ideologisch und politisch festen Stellungnahme, die Wandlung der objektiven Funktionen der geisteswissenschaftlichen Fakultäten, denen sie angeschlossen ist, hervorrufen können, was zum Ausbau einer den klassischen Fächern vergleichbaren Stellung notwendig gewesen wäre. Hier liegt der Grund für den Ruckgang und gewisse intellektuelle Eigenschaften der vorherrschenden soziologischen Praxis, bis nach dem zweiten Weltkrieg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Revue Française de Sociologie is the property of Presses de Sciences Po and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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