CENZÚRA V MEDIÁLNEJ PRAXI. (Slovak)

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    • Alternate Title:
      CENSORSHIP IN MEDIA PRACTICE. (English)
    • Subject Terms:
    • Abstract:
      Freedom of speech is one of the most important fundamental human freedoms in the world. Each of us relies on the opportunity to express our opinion without being persecuted. In the media sphere, this freedom is a bit more serious, as journalists‘ main task is to be the guardians of democracy. From history, we remember the times when we did not have this opportunity, whether it be Communism, the Second World War, or church censorship. It was a common practice to print newspapers with white parties when the government decided not to publish the article, as it could be directed against them. Currently, we do not encounter similar practices in Slovakia, as we live in the rule of law and freedom of speech is guaranteed, censorship is forbidden. The aim of the study is to define censorship based on historical, dictionary, legislative and media aspects. Nowadays, there are suspicions of democratic regimes that although we do not encounter autocratic censorship, a new, commercial censorship, coming from within the editorial office, has come. Censorship is also associated with the concept of self-censorship, defined as the internal correction, the regulation of the author, acting under various threats, such as the fear of losing his job. Self-censorship may be a serious problem for contemporary media, as this may mean objectivness of journalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
      Sloboda prejavu je jedným z najdôležitejších základných ľudských slobôd na svete. Každý z nás sa spolieha na možnosť vyjadriť svoj názor bez toho, aby bol perzekvovaný. Vo svete médií je táto sloboda o čosi váženejšia, nakoľko hlavnou úlohou novinárov je byť strážcami demokracie. Z histórie si pamätáme obdobia, kedy sme túto možnosť nemali, či už ide o komunizmus, obdobie Druhej svetovej vojny alebo cirkevnú cenzúru. Bolo bežnou praxou tlačiť noviny s bielymi stranami, pretože sa vládna garnitúra rozhodla daný článok nezverejniť, nakoľko mohol byť namierený práve proti nim. V súčasnosti sa s podobnými praktikami na Slovensku nestretávame, nakoľko žijeme v právnom štáte a sloboda prejavu je zaručená, cenzúra zakázaná. Cieľom štúdie je definovať cenzúru na základe historického, slovníkového, legislatívneho a mediálneho hľadiska. V súčasnosti sa totiž demokratických režimov sa vyskytujú podozrenia, že aj keď sa nestretávame s autokratickou cenzúrou, prišla nová, komerčná cenzúra, prichádzajúca z vnútra redakcie. S cenzúrou sa spája aj pojem autocenzúra, definovaná ako vnútorná korekcia, regulácia autora, ktorý tak koná pod rôznymi hrozbami, napríklad zo strachu zo straty zamestnania. V prípade dokázania autocenzúry môže ísť o vážny problém súčasných médií, pretože to môže znamenať neobjektivitu novinárstva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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