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Grain Subtype and the Combination of Grains Consumed Are Associated with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of a Community-Based Prospective Cohort.
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- Author(s): Kang, Yunhee (AUTHOR); Lee, Kyueun (AUTHOR); Lee, Jieul (AUTHOR); Kim, Jihye (AUTHOR)
- Source:
Journal of Nutrition. Jan2020, Vol. 150 Issue 1, p118-127. 10p. - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract:
Background: Evidence on the prospective association between grain consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is lacking.Objective: This study explored the association between grain intake by subtype or various combinations of grain intake and the risk of developing MetS in South Korean adults using data from a community-based prospective cohort study.Methods: A total of 5717 participants (2984 men and 2733 women) aged 40-69 y without MetS were followed up for 10 y (2001-2012). Grain consumption was assessed using a semiquantitative FFQ at baseline (2001-2002) and a follow-up examination (2005-2006). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the risk of incident MetS and its components according to grain consumption (<1, 1 to <3, or ≥3 servings/d) by sex.Results: In total, 2218 participants (38.8%) developed MetS. Frequent consumers of whole grains (≥3 servings/d) had a lower risk of incident MetS (men-HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.63; P = 0.0001; women-HR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.90; P = 0.0029), whereas frequent consumers of refined grains had a higher risk of incident MetS (men-HR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.31, 2.03; P < 0.0001; women-HR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.82, 2.78; P < 0.0001) compared with rare consumers (<1 serving/d). The combination of low whole grains (<2 servings/d) and high refined grains (≥2 servings/d) was associated with a higher risk of MetS than the combination of high whole grains and low refined grains (men-HR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.41; P = 0.012; women-HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.23, 1.66; P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Higher consumption of whole grains was associated with lower risk of incident MetS, whereas higher refined-grain consumption was associated with a higher risk in a middle-aged and older Korean population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of Journal of Nutrition is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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