Abstract: Spectral grain and loss (spectral gain&loss) of several-type PV technologies (amorphous silicon (a-Si), perovskite (perov), CdTe, CuInSe 2 (CIS), multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si), single-crystalline silicon back-contact (BC), single-crystalline silicon (sc-Si), and heterostructure-with-intrinsic-thin-layer (HIT)) was investigated in different places (Kusatsu city, Tsukuba city, and Miyazaki city in Japan) in a year. Spectral gain&loss is defined as a ratio of short-circuit current (I SC) corrected by solar irradiance (Irr) for PV module at an average photon energy (APE) to its I SC under standard test condition. The blue-rich spectra with APE over 1.88 eV yield spectral gain (spectral gain&loss over 1) for CdTe, perov, and a-Si PV technologies owing to large band-gap energy (E g) values of 1.47, 1.60, and 1.80 eV, respectively. On the other hand, red-rich spectra with APE below 1.88 eV lead to spectral gain for CIS, mc-Si, BC, sc-Si, and HIT PV technologies with smaller E g values of 1.21, 1.13, 1.17, 1.16, and 1.09 eV, respectively. Moreover, since average APE values in Kusatsu city, Tsukuba city, and Miyazaki city are 1.931, 1.900, and 1.899 eV, respectively, a-Si, perov, and CdTe PV technologies are suitable in term of spectral response. The spectral gain&loss of PV modules compared with sc-Si PV module is moreover discussed. • Average photon energy (APE) is used as index of solar spectral distribution. • Spectral gain&loss is a ratio of I SC to I SC under standard test condition. • Blue-rich spectra yield spectral gain for PV technology with large E g. • Red-rich spectra yield spectral gain for PV technology with small E g. • Spectral gain&loss is investigated in different locations and times in a year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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