Mycobacterium avium in Community and Household Water, Suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 2010-2012.

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    • Subject Terms:
      MYCOBACTERIUM avium; HOUSEHOLDS; MUNICIPAL water supply; LUNG infections; COMMUNITIES; PUBLIC health surveillance; RESEARCH; MICROBIAL ecology; BIOLOGICAL evolution; SEQUENCE analysis; RESEARCH methodology; HISTORY; EVALUATION research; MEDICAL cooperation; AQUATIC microbiology; COMPARATIVE studies; GENOTYPES; GENOMES; MYCOBACTERIAL diseases; GRAM-positive bacteria
    • Subject Terms:
      UNITED States; PENNSYLVANIA
    • Abstract:
      Attention to environmental sources of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is a vital component of disease prevention and control. We investigated MAC colonization of household plumbing in suburban Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. We used variable-number tandem-repeat genotyping and whole-genome sequencing with core genome single-nucleotide variant analysis to compare M. avium from household plumbing biofilms with M. avium isolates from patient respiratory specimens. M. avium was recovered from 30 (81.1%) of 37 households, including 19 (90.5%) of 21 M. avium patient households. For 11 (52.4%) of 21 patients with M. avium disease, isolates recovered from their respiratory and household samples were of the same genotype. Within the same community, 18 (85.7%) of 21 M. avium respiratory isolates genotypically matched household plumbing isolates. Six predominant genotypes were recovered across multiple households and respiratory specimens. M. avium colonizing municipal water and household plumbing may be a substantial source of MAC pulmonary infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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