Mexican Foreign Policy and Diplomacy: From Defensive Tradition to Incomplete Modernity.

DIPLOMACY; MODERNITY; INTERNATIONAL relations; DEMOCRACY; GENDER inequality

Two characteristic aspects of Mexican foreign policy and its operative arm, diplomacy, define the challenges the country must face in the twenty‐first century: one is a doctrinarian diplomatic tradition of goodwill and defensiveness (principles of nonintervention, self‐determination, and peaceful conflict resolution), which is clearly inadequate for facing current global challenges. The other is a fragmented push for modernity whose scope is limited to certain areas of the diplomatic agenda (human rights, democracy, multilateral activism), with a strong focus on specific contemporary issues (gender equality, the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the inclusion of civil society) which, at least in the short term, lacks the necessary strength and tools to define the course of Mexico's foreign policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La política exterior de México y su brazo operativo, la diplomacia, tienen una condición que define sus grandes retos en el siglo XXI y que se puede sintetizar en dos vertientes, por un lado como parte de una tradición diplomática doctrinaria benévola y defensiva (principios de no intervención, autodeterminación y resolución de pacífica de las controversias), claramente insuficiente para los retos globales actuales, y en una segunda instancia, como una modernidad fragmentada que llega solamente a ciertas áreas del quehacer diplomático (derechos humanos, democracia, activismo multilateral), desde donde se perfilan aspectos contemporáneos muy articulados (equidad de género, Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la ONU, atención a la sociedad civil), que sin embargo carecen de la fuerza y las herramientas para definir la ruta de la política exterior del país, al menos en el corto plazo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

墨西哥外交政策的两大特点—及其实施的武器，即外交—决定了21世纪它将面临的诸多挑战。一大特点是仁慈和防御的教条主义外交传统 (包括不干涉、自我决断和和平解决冲突的原则)。这显然不足以应对当前的全球挑战。另一大特点是推动现代化的支离破碎，其范围仅限于外交议程的特定领域 (人权、民主和多边行动主义)。笔者认为，至少就短期而言，在推进现代化进程中，对具体当代问题(性别平等、联合国2030年可持续发展议程以及民间社会的包容)的强烈关注缺乏界定墨西哥外交政策进程的必要实力和工具。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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