Gating of trigemino-facial reflex from low-threshold trigeminal and extratrigeminal cutaneous fibres in humans.

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  • Author(s): Rossi A;Rossi A; Scarpini C
  • Source:
    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry [J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry] 1992 Sep; Vol. 55 (9), pp. 774-80.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985191R Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 0022-3050 (Print) Linking ISSN: 00223050 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: London : BMJ Publishing Group
      Original Publication: London : British Medical Association
    • Subject Terms:
      Brain Stem/*physiology ; Oculomotor Muscles/*innervation ; Reaction Time/*physiology ; Reflex/*physiology ; Skin/*innervation ; Synaptic Transmission/*physiology ; Trigeminal Nerve/*physiology; Adult ; Afferent Pathways/physiology ; Humans ; Median Nerve/physiology ; Orbit/innervation ; Reference Values ; Subliminal Stimulation ; Sural Nerve/physiology
    • Abstract:
      Changes in the size of the test components (R1 and R2) of the trigemino-facial reflex were studied after electrical subliminal conditioning stimulation were applied to the trigeminal, median and sural nerves. After conditioning activation of the trigeminal nerve (below the reflex threshold), the early R1 reflex component showed phasic facilitation, peaking at about 50 ms of interstimulus delay, followed by a long-lasting inhibition recovering at 300-400 ms. The same conditioning stimulation resulted in a monotonic inhibition of the late R2, starting at 15-20 ms, with a maximum at 100-150 ms and lasting 300-400 ms. Intensity threshold for both the R1 and R2 changes ranged from 0.90 to 0.95 times the perception threshold. A similar longlasting inhibition of the R2 reflex response was also seen after conditioning stimulation applied to low-threshold cutaneous afferents of the median and sural nerves. The minimum effective conditioning-test interval was 25-30 ms and 40-45 ms respectively and lasted 600-700 ms. By contrast the early R1 reflex response exhibited a slight long-lasting facilitation with a time course similar to that of the R2 inhibition. The threshold intensity to obtain facilitation of the R1 and inhibition of the R2 test responses after conditioning volley in the median and sural nerves was similar and ranged from 0.9 to 1.2 times the perception threshold. These results demonstrate that low-threshold cutaneous afferents from trigeminal and limb nerves exert powerful control on trigeminal reflex pathways, probably via a common neural substrate. There is evidence that, in addition to any post-synaptic mechanism which might be operating, presynaptic control is a primary factor contributing to these changes.
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    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 19920901 Date Completed: 19921110 Latest Revision: 20190501
    • Publication Date:
      20240829
    • Accession Number:
      PMC1015100
    • Accession Number:
      10.1136/jnnp.55.9.774
    • Accession Number:
      1328539