Estudio comparativo de las variables determinantes de la condición física y salud entre jóvenes deportistas y sedentarios del género masculino.

[Comparative study of the variables of physical fitness and health among young athletes and sedentary males].

ATHLETES; BODY composition; COMPARATIVE studies; HEALTH status indicators; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; PHYSICAL fitness; RESEARCH; PULMONARY function tests; EVALUATION research; ANAEROBIC threshold; SEDENTARY lifestyles

Introducción: hoy en día, la práctica de actividad física durante la adolescencia aporta importantes beneficios físicos-saludables que ayudan a desarrollar un bienestar futuro en años posteriores de la vida. Objetivos: el objetivo del presente estudio comparativo fue evaluar la condición física, composición corporal y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria entre jóvenes deportistas y sedentarios de la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura (España). Métodos: doscientos veinticinco sujetos varones, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 18 años, fueron divididos en dos grupos: 175 deportistas, divididos a su vez en grupo aeróbico (AEG), grupo anaeróbico (ANAEG) y grupo de deportes mixtos (MG); y 50 sedentarios (SG) o grupo control. Se les evaluó la capacidad respiratoria (volumen espiratorio forzado [FEV], flujo espiratorio máximo [PEF], capacidad vital [CV], ventilación máxima voluntaria [MVV]) y la composición corporal. También se les realizó el test del escalón de "Forest Service" para hallar el VO2max. Se registraron asimismo la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) previa al escalón, la FC máxima durante el test y la FC en la recuperación posterior. Así como la presión arterial previa y posterior al test. Resultados: se hallaron diferencias significativas en la composición corporal, la presión arterial, la FC y la capacidad respiratoria en relación a los deportistas con respecto al grupo control (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: la actividad física aporta beneficios en aspectos como la composición corporal y la función cardiorrespiratoria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: today, the practice of physical activity during adolescence brings important physical-health benefits that help develop a future well-being in later life.Objectives: the objective of this comparative study was to evaluate the physical condition, body composition and cardiorespiratory capacity among young athletes and sedentary people of the Autonomous Community of Extremadura (Spain).Methods: two hundred and twenty-five male subjects, aged between 12 and 18 years, were divided into two groups: 175 athletes, divided into aerobic group (AEG), anaerobic group (ANAEG) and mixed sports group (MG); and 50 sedentary (SG) or control group. Their respiratory capacity (forced expiratory volume [FEV], peak expiratory flow [PEF], vital capacity [VC], maximum voluntary ventilation [MVV]) and body composition were assessed. They also performed the "Forest Service" step test by finding the VO2max. Also, the heart rate (HR) was recorded before the step, the maximum heart rate during the test and the HR in the subsequent recovery, as well as pre and post-test blood pressure.Results: there were significant differences in body composition, blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory capacity in relation to athletes compared to the control group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: physical activity provides benefits in aspects such as body composition, and cardio-respiratory function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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