Investigation of non-hydroxamate scaffolds against HDAC6 inhibition: A pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation approach.

Proteins deacetylation by Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown in various human chronic diseases like neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, and hence is an important therapeutic target. Since, the existing inhibitors have hydroxamate group, and are not HDAC6-selective, therefore, this study has designed to investigate non-hydroxamate HDAC6 inhibitors. Ligand-based pharmacophore was generated from 26 training set compounds of HDAC6 inhibitors. The statistical parameters of pharmacophore (Hypo1) included lowest total cost of 115.63, highest cost difference of 135.00, lowest RMSD of 0.70 and the highest correlation of 0.98. The pharmacophore was validated by Fischer’s Randomization and Test Set validation, and used as screening tool for chemical databases. The screened compounds were filtered by fit value (>10.00), estimated Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) (<0.459), Lipinski’s Rule of Five and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) Descriptors to identify drug-like compounds. Furthermore, the drug-like compounds were docked into the active site of HDAC6. The best docked compounds were selected having goldfitness score >66.46 and chemscore<−28.31, and hydrogen bond interaction with catalytic active residues. Finally, three inhibitors having sulfamoyl group were selected by Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation, which showed stable root mean square deviation (RMSD) (1.6–1.9Å), lowest potential energy (<−6.3×105kJ/mol), and hydrogen bonding with catalytic active residues of HDAC6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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