Ko gre jezik na dopust. (Slovenian)

When Language Goes on Holiday. (English)

It is often difficult to unambiguously characterize hate speech as dangerous or problematic speech which causes the violation of rights or even violence. Before making a judgment, one must consider both the legal and institutional as well as the political and socio-linguistic context. The article attempts to frame the issue of hate speech in the broader perspective of language and its environment. It presents the expert (legal, philosophical and sociological) understanding of hate speech in Slovenia, and then introduces concepts of problematic and dangerous speech which are connected with analyses of collective violence and evaluate dangerous speech which is not directly hateful. This is substantiated with Victor Klemperer's insights about the gradual emergence of the language of the third Reich. Klemperer's "broad" definition of speech should be used as the basis for the understanding of problematic speech, focusing on the entirety of public life; not just hateful words or sentences but also »innocent« advertisements, political speeches, judicial verdicts, policy decisions, laws, bills, etc. On this basis, the article points to three types of problematic and dangerous speech that are found in our immediate, present-day surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sovražnega govora ni preprosto nedvoumno okarakterizirati kot nevarnega ali kot problematični govor, ki sproža kršitve pravic in nasilje. Presoja je povezana tako s pravnim in institucionalnim kot tudi s političnim in sociolingvističnim kontekstom. Članek vprašanje »sovražnega govora« uokvirja v širši jezikovni in zunajjezikovni kontekst. Izhaja iz predstavitve razumevanja sovražnega govora v strokovni javnosti v Sloveniji, nato pa se posveti tistim opredelitvam problematične in nevarne govorice, ki so povezane s študijami kolektivnega nasilja in kažejo na nevarno govorico, ki ni eksplicitno sovražna. To podkrepi z uvidi Viktorja Klempererja o postopnem nastanku govorice tretjega rajha oziroma kolektivnega nasilja nacionalsocializma. Problematično »govorico« bi morali začenjati razumeti skozi »široko« klempererjevsko definicijo govorice, ki zajema celoto javnega življenja in ne zgolj sovražnih besed, ampak tudi »nedolžne« oglase, govore, sodne odločitve, javne politike, zakone itd. Članek opozarja na tri vrste problematične govorice, ki jih lahko na podlagi tovrstnega razumevanja najdemo v našem neposrednem okolju in ki niso neposredno sovražni govor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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