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Late 1st-Millennium B.C.E. Levantine Dog Burials as an Extension of Human Mortuary Behavior.
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- Author(s): DIXON, HELEN
- Source:
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research; May2018, Issue 379, p19-41, 24p, 4 Charts, 1 Map- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Simple dog burials, dating primarily to the second half of the 1st millennium B.C.E. (Persian- Hellenistic periods [ca. 6th-1st centuries B.C.E.]), have been excavated at more than a dozen Levantine sites, ranging from a handful of burials to more than 1,000 at Ashkelon. This study systematizes previously discussed canine interments, distinguishing intentional whole burials from other phenomena (e.g., dogs found in refuse pits), and suggests a new interpretation in light of human mortuary practice in the Iron Age II-III-period (ca. 10th-4th centuries B.C.E.) Levant. The buried dogs seem to be individuals from unmanaged populations living within human settlements and not pets or working dogs. Frequent references to dogs in literary and epigraphic Northwest Semitic evidence (including Hebrew, Phoenician, and Punic personal names) indicate a complex, familiar relationship between dogs and humans in the Iron Age Levant, which included positive associations such as loyalty and obedience. At some point in the mid-1st millennium B.C.E., mortuary rites began to be performed by humans for their feral canine "neighbors" in a manner resembling contemporaneous low-energy-expenditure human burials. This behavioral change may represent a shift in the conception of social boundaries in the Achaemenid-Hellenistic-period Levant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research is the property of University of Chicago Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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