Vechi și nou în terapia antineoplazică. (Romanian)

Old and new in cancer treatment. (English)

Knowledge accumulation in genetics, culminating in deciphering the human genome, and better understanding of pathogenesis of cancers have led human being to the possibility of developing drugs that can attack cancer cells more selectively than classical chemotherapy. The advances in immunology have made it possible to know precisely the mechanisms involved in the immune response that allows the removal of precancerous cells. All of these make it possible at present to use targeted therapies that aim to destroy only cancer cells. We are entering the era of precision medicine, where the knowledge of genetic mutations responsible for the cancer of a particular patient makes it possible to treat this patient exactly with those drugs acting on the affected link. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explozia de cunoaștere din domeniul geneticii, care a culminat cu descifrarea genomului uman, și înțelegerea mai bună a patogenezei cancerelor au condus la posibilitatea dezvoltării unor medicamente care să atace mult mai selectiv celulele canceroase, comparativ cu chimioterapia clasică. Avansul din imunologie a permis cunoașterea cu precizie a mecanismelor implicate în răspunsul imun care permite debarasarea de celulele precanceroase. Toate acestea fac posibile în prezent terapii țintite, care urmăresc distrugerea doar a celulelor canceroase. Intrăm în epoca medicinei de precizie, în care cunoașterea mutațiilor genetice răspunzătoare de cancerul unui anumit pacient face posibilă tratarea acestui pacient exact cu acele medicamente care acționează pe veriga afectată. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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