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Folly Beach Library
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Wando Mount Pleasant Library
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Village Library
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Phone: (843) 884-9741
St. Paul's/Hollywood Library
9 a.m. - 8 p.m.
Phone: (843) 889-3300
Otranto Road Library
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Keith Summey North Charleston Library
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Hurd/St. Andrews Library
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Immune Recognition of β-Cells: Neoepitopes as Key Players in the Loss of Tolerance.
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- Author(s): James, Eddie A.; Pietropaolo, Massimo; Mamula, Mark J.
- Source:
Diabetes; Jun2018, Vol. 67 Issue 6, p1035-1042, 8p, 2 Diagrams, 1 Chart- Subject Terms:
ANTIGENS; AUTOANTIBODIES; AUTOIMMUNE diseases; BIOLOGICAL models; CELLULAR immunity; COMPARATIVE studies; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOLOGICAL tolerance; IMMUNOLOGY technique; INSULIN; TYPE 1 diabetes; ISLANDS of Langerhans; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; PROTEINS; RESEARCH; RESEARCH funding; T cells; EVALUATION research; DISEASE progression - Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Prior to the onset of type 1 diabetes, there is progressive loss of immune self-tolerance, evidenced by the accumulation of islet autoantibodies and emergence of autoreactive T cells. Continued autoimmune activity leads to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells and loss of insulin secretion. Studies of samples from patients with type 1 diabetes and of murine disease models have generated important insights about genetic and environmental factors that contribute to susceptibility and immune pathways that are important for pathogenesis. However, important unanswered questions remain regarding the events that surround the initial loss of tolerance and subsequent failure of regulatory mechanisms to arrest autoimmunity and preserve functional β-cells. In this Perspective, we discuss various processes that lead to the generation of neoepitopes in pancreatic β-cells, their recognition by autoreactive T cells and antibodies, and potential roles for such responses in the pathology of disease. Emerging evidence supports the relevance of neoepitopes generated through processes that are mechanistically linked with β-cell stress. Together, these observations support a paradigm in which neoepitope generation leads to the activation of pathogenic immune cells that initiate a feed-forward loop that can amplify the antigenic repertoire toward pancreatic β-cell proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Diabetes is the property of American Diabetes Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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