Benigne nadory srdca - kardialne myxomy. (Slovak)

Benign heart tumors - cardiac myxoma. (English)

Introduction: If a cardiac mass is a tumor, its aetiology can be often determined by considering the age of the patient, location and tissue characterisation by non-invasive imaging echocardiography, a golden standard for detecting and diagnosing the cardiac tumor. Diagnosing cardiac tumors is challenging, because the presentation of clinical features is based on location, size, type of the tumor or extent of infiltration into the neighboring tissue. Cardiac myxomas comprise the majority part of primary heart tumors. Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study is to define and describe the characteristic and behaviour of cardiac myxomas on a large group of patients. Methodology: The patient databases at the First Department of Internal Medicine in Martin, The Central Slovak Institute for Cardiac and Vascular Diseases in Banska Bystrica, and the National Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in Bratislava were searched to identify patients with benign tumors of the heart seen during the 5-year period between 2011 and 2016. Forty-one patients with primary cardiac myxomas were identified and their medical records reviewed for details pertaining to presenting symptoms, staging modalities, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Results: Most of the patients are diagnosed with echocardiography. The occurrence of the tumor is higher in the female population. The most common presenting symptoms are dyspnea, chest pain, or pain and paraesthesia of the limbs. Conclusions: The early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is often curative, with very low risk of recurrence. Postoperative survival is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Úvod: V prípade výskytu nádorovej masy v srdci môže byť etiológia často určená vekom pacienta, lokalizáciou a charakteristikou tkaniva neinvazívnou zobrazovacou echokardiografiou, ktorá patrí k zlatému štandardu diagnostiky a detekcii tumorózneho procesu v srdci. Diagnostika srdcových nádorov je preto veľmi náročná, keďže prezentácia klinických symptómov závisí od umiestnenia, veľkosti, druhu nádoru, ale aj rozsahu infiltrácie susedného tkaniva. Srdcové myxómy tvoria prevažnú väčšinu primárnych srdcových nádorov. Cieľ: Účelom tejto retrospektívnej štúdie je charakterizovanie srdcových myxómov u väčšej skupiny pacientov. Metodika: Do štúdie boli zahrnuté tri centrá na Slovensku, a to Národný ústav srdcových a cievnych chorôb v Bratislave, Stredoslovenský ústav srdcových a cievnych chorôb v Banskej Bystrici a Univerzitná nemocnica v Martine. Identifikovaní boli pacienti s benígnym nádorom srdca od roku 2011 do 2016. Celkovo sa nám podarilo identifikovať 41 pacientov s primárnym srdcovým nádorom - myxómom. V lekárskych záznamoch sme pátrali po podrobnostiach o prezentujúcich sa klinických symptómoch, podstúpenej liečbe a výsledkoch tejto liečby. Výsledky: Väčšine pacientov bola stanovená diagnóza pomocou echokardiografie. Výskyt nádorov bol vyšší v ženskej populácii. Najčastejšie sa nádor prejavil dyspnoe, bolesťou na hrudníku, alebo bolesťou alebo parestézou končatín. Záver: Včasnou diagnostikou a vhodnou terapiou možno myxómy kompletne eradikovať, pričom riziko recidívy je minimálne. Pooperačné prežívanie je vysoké. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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