Tareas de búsqueda visual: modelos, bases neurológicas, utilidad y prospectiva.

Visual Search Tasks: Models, Neurological Bases, Usefulness and Prospective.

VISUAL perception; EYE movements; EYE tracking; ATTENTION; NEUROLOGY; VISION

Las tareas de búsqueda visual, fundamentadas en el reconocimiento de una forma, característica o estímulo visual en particular, han contribuido al desarrollo de la investigación en psicología. A partir de una revisión narrativa sobre las maneras de implementar dichas tareas, y haciendo un cotejo de su uso como elemento de instrumentalización de la investigación, se encuentra que diferentes modelos paradigmáticos convergen para el entendimiento de diversos procesos psicológicos. Se hace manifiesto que las tareas de búsqueda visual, no solo pueden implicar registros de actividad oculo-motora, sino que además operacionalizan sistemas de modulación de procesos atencionales y perceptuales, los cuales esencialmente están alineados con recompensas de tipo exógeno. Dichas recompensas, sumadas a procesos de adaptación al entorno, se integran para reivindicar la noción percepción para la acción. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visual search tasks, that are based on the recognition of either a characteristic or an specific visual stimulus, have contributed to the development of psychological research. By doing a narrative review of the ways to carry out these tasks, and considering their usages as factors that instrumentalise research, several paradigms emerge so as to understand multiple psychological processes. It has been manifested that visual search tasks can imply eye-movement recordings as well as operationalizing systems connected to the modulation of both attentional and perceptual processes, which are essentially aligned with exogenous rewards. These rewards, added to some processes related to the adaptation to the environment, are incorporated in such a way that the notion of perception to action is enforced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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