Prevention of Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The preoperative interventions used for prevention of SSIs have different effectiveness in the reduction of SSIs and subsequent surgical complications. This review aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of various methods of prevention for SSIs. Methods: The systematic search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases. This search identified 990 relevant studies using filters of human studies and 10 years since publishing. After exclusion of irrelevant, duplicated, and reviews the remaining is 55 potentially relevant studies. Results: The vast majority of studies were done in intra-abdominal procedures which were infection rate varied from 0% to 38.4%. The rate of SSIs was higher than 25% in two studies used cephalexine as prophylaxis, mohs micrographic surgery and assessed SSIs in perforated peptic ulcer. Intra-operative warming used in only one study which reported SSIs rate of 18%. In case of using a combination of oxygen and antibiotics the SSIs rate ranged from 7.9% to 38.4%. The lowest rate of SSIs was noted when antiseptic, and amoxicillin were used together 0% and it was only 0.009% when cefazolin was used. Conclusions: The wide difference in infection rates among included studies may be patient-related and procedure-dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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