Abstract: Objective: To explore the curative effect of entecavir combined with polyethylene glycol interferon α-2a on the patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: 80 patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled in our hospital from January 2012 to October 2015, they were randomly divided into two groups, the control group (n=40) accepted polyethylene glycol interferon α-2a treatment, and the combination group (n=40) adopted entecavir based on the patients in control group. The curative effect of patients at 12 month after treatment and the changes of clinical indicators during that treatment were compared between two groups, the changes of Th cell immune response of all patients before and after treatment were compared. Results: The total clinical efficiency of combination group at 12 month after treatment (95.0%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (70.0%) (P<0.05); At 1 month after treatment, the ALT normalization rate of combination group (22.5%, 50.0%, 67.5%, 87.5%) were higher than those of the control group (5.0%, 20.0%, 42.5%, 62.5%)(P<0.05); At 3 month after treatment, the HBV DNA negative conversion rate of patients in combination group (45.0%, 80.0%, 90.0%) were remarkably higher than those of the control group (17.5%, 45.0%, 55.0%) (P<0.05). At 6 month after treatment, the HBeAg negative conversion rate of combination group (52.5%, 72.5%) was significantly higher than those of the control group (30.0%, 50.0%) (P<0.05). The difference of HbeAg sero-conversion rate showed no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). At 1 month after treatment, the CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+ of both groups were significantly decreased than those before treatment (P<0. 05), and the CD3+CD4+IL-4+ of control group increased at 3 month after treatment, and which was increased at 6 month after treatment in the combination group (P<0.05). At 1 month after treatment, the CD3+CD4+IFN-γ+ of patients in combination group (36.7± 8.2, 34.8± 7.9, 32.1± 7.5, 23.7± 7.3) were significantly higher than those of the control group (34.2± 7.6, 31.4± 8.2, 29.3± 8.1, 19.8± 7.7)(P<0. 05), and at 6 month after treatment, the CD3+CD4+IL-4+ of patients in combination group (0.7± 0.4, 1.1± 0.2) were significantly higher than those of the control group (0.9± 0.3, 1.3± 0.6) (P<0.05). Conclusions: Entecavir combined with polyethylene glycol interferon α-2a had remarkable curative effect for patients with chronic hepatitis B, which not only inhibited the HBV copy, but also eliminated HBV through synergistic antiviral effect via regulation Th cell immune response [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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