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Muslim immigrant women's views on cervical cancer screening and HPV self-sampling in Ontario, Canada.
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- Author(s): Vahabi, Mandana; Lofters, Aisha
- Source:
BMC Public Health; 8/24/2016, Vol. 16 Issue 1, p1-13, 13p, 1 Chart- Subject Terms:
CERVICAL cancer diagnosis; EARLY detection of cancer; WOMEN immigrants; PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases; CANCER-related mortality; DISEASE incidence; DISEASES; PAPILLOMAVIRUS disease diagnosis; TUMOR prevention; CULTURE; ETHNIC groups; FOCUS groups; HEALTH attitudes; IMMIGRANTS; ISLAM; LANGUAGE & languages; MEDICAL screening; MINORITIES; PAP test; PAPILLOMAVIRUSES; HEALTH self-care; WOMEN'S health; CERVIX uteri tumors; DIAGNOSIS - Source:
- Additional Information
- Subject Terms:
- Abstract:
Background: Canada has observed significant decreases in incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in recent decades, and this has been attributed to appropriate screening (i.e., the Pap test). However, certain subgroups including Muslim immigrants show higher rates of cervical cancer mortality despite their lower incidence. Low levels of screening have been attributed to such barriers as lack of a family physician, inconvenient clinic hours, having a male physician, and cultural barriers (e.g., modesty, language). HPV self -sampling helps to alleviate many of these barriers. However, little is known about the acceptability of this evidence-based strategy among Muslim women. This study explored Muslim immigrant women's views on cervical cancer screening and the acceptability of HPV self-sampling.Methods: An exploratory community-based mixed methods design was used. A convenience sample of 30 women was recruited over a 3-month period (June-August 2015) in the Greater Toronto Area. All were between 21 and 69 years old, foreign-born, self-identified as Muslim, and had good knowledge of English. Data were collected through focus groups.Results: This study provides critical insights about the importance of religious and cultural beliefs in shaping the daily and health care experiences of Muslim women and their cancer screening decisions. Our study showed the deterring impact of beliefs and health practices in home countries on Muslim immigrant women's utilization of screening services. Limited knowledge about cervical cancer and screening guidelines and need for provision of culturally appropriate sexual health information were emphasized. The results revealed that HPV self-sampling provides a favorable alternative model of care to the traditional provider-administered Pap testing for this population.Conclusion: To enhance Muslim immigrant women screening uptake, efforts should made to increase 1) their knowledge of the Canadian health care system and preventive services at the time of entry to Canada, and 2) access to culturally sensitive education programs, female health professionals, and alternative modes of screening like HPV self-sampling. Health professionals need to take an active role in offering screening during health encounters, be educated about sexual health communication with minority women, and be aware of the detrimental impact of preconceived assumptions about sexual activity of Muslim women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] - Abstract: Copyright of BMC Public Health is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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