Manejo forestal y diversidad genética de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl, & Cham, en Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca.

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    • Alternate Title:
      Forest management and genetic diversity of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl, & Cham, in Sierra Juarez, Oaxaca.
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    • Abstract:
      Este trabajo se enfoca en el estudio genético de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham, la especie más importante en el ramo forestal en Sierra Juárez, Oaxaca, con la finalidad de evaluar el efecto del manejo forestal en la diversidad genética en sitios reforestados y de regeneración natural. Asimismo, busca determinar si la intensa explotación forestal de la mitad del siglo XX depauperó genéticamente a la especie en estudio. Se emplearon tres microsatélites, para seis sitios, tres bajo manejo forestal de uno, cinco y 18 años y tres con regeneración natural. Los resultados obtenidos de riqueza alélica (Ao = 59 y Ae = 16) y diversidad genética (He = 0,802) fueron altos, y no existen diferencias significativas en la diversidad genética entre sitios manejados y de regeneración natural. Por otro lado, se encontró una estructuración genética intermedia según los criterios de Wright (Fst = 0,056) entre los sitios. El análisis de agrupamiento de UPGMA sugiere que la procedencia de individuos de los sitios manejados fue de un solo sitio, Capulálpam de Méndez. En conclusión P. patula no ha sido depauperado genéticamente por manejo forestal presente o pasado y tiene características en su historia de vida que promueven la diversidad genética como altas tasas de entrecruzamiento. Asimismo, la alta abundancia de individuos en los sitios actúa como factor amortiguador en la pérdida alélica. Sin embargo, una inadecuada selección de árboles padre y un bajo número efectivo de individuos pueden afectar las frecuencias alélicas estables y llevar a una pérdida alélica considerable en el futuro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
      This work focuses on the genetic study of Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham., the most important species in the forest sector of the Sierra Juarez in Oaxaca, in order to evaluate the effect of forest management on genetic diversity of reforested sites and natural regeneration. It also seeks to determine whether the intensive logging of the mid-twentieth century genetically impoverished the species. Three microsatellites were used for six sites, covering three forest areas that had been managed for one, five and eighteen years, and three areas of natural regeneration. The resulting allelic richness (Ao = 59 and Ae = 16) and genetic diversity (He = 0,802) was high, and there were no significant differences in genetic diversity between managed and natural regeneration sites. However, there was a lack of genetic structure (Fst = 0,056) at sites with moderate gene flow (Nem = 4,19). Furthermore, UPGMA cluster analysis suggested that the genesis of individual trees in the managed sites were taken from one site on Capulálpam de Méndez. In conclusion P. patula has not been genetically impoverished by present or past forest management and has characteristics in its life story that promote genetic diversity and high rates of inbreeding. Also, the great abundance of in-bred individuals in the sites are actually a dampening factor on allelic loss. However, an inadequate selection of parent trees and a low effective number of in-bred individuals can affect the stability of allelic frequency, and lead to considerable allelic loss in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
    • Abstract:
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