Distribución del Virus de la hoja amarilla de la caña de azúcar en Cuba.

Distribution of the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in Cuba.

SUGARCANE diseases & pests; PLANT viruses; VIRUS diseases of plants; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PLANT genetics

El presente estudio tuvo el propósito de determinar la distribución del Virus de la hoja amarilla (Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, SCYLV), en diferentes provincias del país y las variantes genéticas presentes. Se analizaron 35 campos (348 ha), de los cuales se tomaron 525 muestras de hojas en 13 cultivares comerciales. La detección del virus se realizó por Inmunoimpresión de Tejidos y por Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa con Transcripción Reversa (RT-PCR). Las muestras que resultaron positivas fueron utilizadas para identificar las variantes genéticas por RT-PCR con cebadores específicos. En la mayoría de las provincias fue alta la incidencia de síntomas asociados a esta enfermedad (82,29%). Se detectó, por primera vez, la presencia de este patógeno en áreas comerciales de todas las provincias que cultivan la caña de azúcar en Cuba. En la mayoría de los cultivares infectados, se observó el mayor grado de severidad de los síntomas, asociada a esta enfermedad. Se determinó la presencia de tres variantes genéticas de SCYLV: BRA-PER, CUB y REU. También se observaron infecciones mixtas de los genotipos BRA-PER + CUB y BRA-PER + REU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study had the purpose of determining the distribution of the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) and its genetic variants occurring in different provinces of the country. Thirty five fields were examined (348 ha), and 525 samples of leaves were taken in 13 commercial cultivars. Detection of the virus was carried out by Tissue Blot Immunoassay (TBIA) and the molecular analysis by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The positive samples were used to identify the genetic variants by RT-PCR with specific primers. In most of the provinces, the incidence of symptoms associated with this disease (82.29%) was high. This is the first time that this pathogen has been detected in commercial areas of all the provinces where sugarcane is cultivated in Cuba. In most of the infected cultivars, the highest severity grade of the symptoms associated with this disease was observed. The presence of three genetic variants of SCYLV was determined: BRA-PER, CUB and REU. Mixed infections of the genotypes, BRA-PER + CUB and BRAPER + REU, were also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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