The effect of terroir on volatilome fingerprinting and qualitative attributes of non-irrigated grapes reveals differences on glycosylated aroma compounds.

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0376334 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1097-0010 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00225142 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Sci Food Agric Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: <2005-> : Chichester, West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons
Original Publication: London, Society of Chemical Industry.

Soil*/chemistry ; Vitis*/chemistry ; Vitis*/cytology ; Vitis*/growth & development ; Volatile Organic Compounds*/analysis ; Volatile Organic Compounds*/chemistry ; Fruit*/chemistry ; Fruit*/cytology ; Fruit*/growth & development; Calcium Carbonate/analysis ; Chemometrics ; Clay/chemistry ; Climate ; Electric Conductivity ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Odorants/analysis ; Particle Size ; Sand/chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Agricultural Irrigation ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Carbon Isotopes/analysis

Background: 'Xynisteri' is considered as the reference white grape cultivar in Cyprus with remarkable adaptation to adverse edaphoclimatic conditions and appreciable oenological properties that renders it as an appropriate cultivar for studies within a global context due to climate change. To this aim, two distinct non-irrigated plots with different climatic conditions, soil properties and levels of rainfall were selected; Koilani [KO, altitude 800 m, 76% calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) content, pH 7.97, average temperature: 16.5 °C, rainfall: 229 mm] and Kyperounda (KY, altitude 1200 m, CaCO 3 -free soil, pH 6.47, average temperature: 14.9 °C, rainfall: 658 mm). An array of physiological, biochemical and qualitative indices during successive developmental stages (BBCH 75-89) were determined. During the advanced on-vine developmental stages (BBCH 85-89), the aromatic profile of grapes was assessed with the employment of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Such analysis was complemented with non-destructive chemometric analyses.
Results: Berry ripening process substantially differed on the examined plots; BBCH 89 stage reached at 267 and 303 Julian days for KO and KY, respectively. Results indicated that berry weight, soluble solids content (SSC) and α-amino nitrogen were higher in KO than in KY, with exception made for ammonium nitrogen content. A total of 75 compounds, including aliphatic alcohols, benzenic compounds, phenols, vanillins, monoterpenes and C13-norisoprenoids were identified and quantified. The variations of mesoclimatic conditions affected the volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles at the fully-ripe stage, showing a considerable rise in glycosylated aroma compounds, especially monoterpenes and benzenic compounds. In particular, the higher amount of glycosylated aroma compounds were obtained in KY berries up to mid-ripe, whereas KO showed higher glycosylated aroma compounds at fully-ripe stage. Results reported herein indicate that aroma profile of 'Xynisteri' grapes varied substantially in the examined terroirs. Interestingly, the limited rainfall in KΟ non-irrigated vine did not compromise qualitative and aromatic properties of berries.
Conclusions: The present study aimed at dissecting the impact of terroir on bush-trained, non-irrigated grapevines of a cultivar appropriate for extreme climate change scenarios. The volatilome fingerprint was highly variable among the examined plots; such results can be further exploited at vinification level towards production of single vineyard premium end products. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.)

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POST-DOC/0718/0066 Research Innovation and Foundation of Cyprus

Keywords: E‐nose; FT‐NIR; GC–MS; altitude; indigenous cultivar; soil properties; volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
T1FAD4SS2M (Clay)
0 (Sand)
0 (Soil)
0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
0 (Carbon Isotopes)

Date Created: 20240906 Date Completed: 20241118 Latest Revision: 20241118

20241118

10.1002/jsfa.13849

39238339