Reducing Dietary Polyunsaturated to Saturated Fatty Acids Ratio Improves Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Obese Zucker Rats.

Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing

Fatty Acids*/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance*/physiology; Rats ; Animals ; Rats, Zucker ; Dietary Fats/pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Diet ; Lipid Metabolism ; Glucose ; Palmitic Acids

We investigated the influence of varying dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)/saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratios on insulin resistance (IR), fatty acid metabolism, N -acylethanolamine (NAE) bioactive metabolite levels, and mitochondrial function in lean and obese Zucker rats in a model designed to study obesity and IR from overnutrition. We provided diets with 7% fat ( w / w ), with either a low PUFA/SFA ratio of 0.48, predominantly comprising palmitic acid (PA), (diet-PA), or the standard AIN-93G diet with a high PUFA/SFA ratio of 3.66 (control, diet-C) over eight weeks. In obese rats on diet-PA versus diet-C, there were reductions in plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, insulin concentrations and improved muscle mitochondrial function, inflammatory markers and increased muscle N -oleoylethanolamine (OEA), a bioactive lipid that modulates lipid metabolism and metabolic flexibility. Elevated palmitic acid levels were found exclusively in obese rats, regardless of their diet, implying an endogenous production through de novo lipogenesis rather than from a dietary origin. In conclusion, a reduced dietary PUFA/SFA ratio positively influenced glucose and lipid metabolism without affecting long-term PA tissue concentrations. This likely occurs due to an increase in OEA biosynthesis, improving metabolic flexibility in obese rats. Our results hint at a pivotal role for balanced dietary PA in countering the effects of overnutrition-induced obesity.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jun 1;6:CD013636. (PMID: 32476140)
Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:361895. (PMID: 23762050)
BMJ. 2019 Jul 3;366:l4137. (PMID: 31270106)
J Nutr. 1997 May;127(5 Suppl):838S-841S. (PMID: 9164249)
Recent Prog Horm Res. 2001;56:239-63. (PMID: 11237216)
Diabetes. 2016 Jul;65(7):1800-7. (PMID: 27288005)
Nutr Res. 2016 Sep;36(9):1031-1044. (PMID: 27632924)
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 10;(6):CD011737. (PMID: 26068959)
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 1997 Mar;6(1):6-11. (PMID: 24394645)
Cell. 2008 Sep 19;134(6):933-44. (PMID: 18805087)
Cells. 2020 Mar 29;9(4):. (PMID: 32235294)
Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Feb 20;15(2):3040-63. (PMID: 24562331)
Nature. 2003 Sep 4;425(6953):90-3. (PMID: 12955147)
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 11;22(6):. (PMID: 33799812)
Obes Rev. 2005 May;6(2):169-74. (PMID: 15836467)
J Nutr. 2009 Aug;139(8):1495-501. (PMID: 19549757)
J Nutr. 1993 Nov;123(11):1939-51. (PMID: 8229312)
Nutr Res Rev. 2010 Dec;23(2):270-99. (PMID: 20977819)
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2019 Dec;175(10):724-741. (PMID: 31521398)
Am J Clin Nutr. 1998 Dec;68(6):1157-73. (PMID: 9846842)
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Oct;72(4):905-11. (PMID: 11010930)
J Lipid Res. 2003 Feb;44(2):369-79. (PMID: 12576519)
Am J Med. 1997 Mar;102(3):259-64. (PMID: 9217594)
Adv Nutr. 2018 May 1;9(3):263-271. (PMID: 29635305)
Front Physiol. 2017 Nov 08;8:902. (PMID: 29167646)
J Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;151(6):1380-1382. (PMID: 33693751)
Front Physiol. 2018 Jan 30;9:32. (PMID: 29472867)
Nature. 2001 Nov 8;414(6860):209-12. (PMID: 11700558)
Inflamm Regen. 2018 Oct 1;38:28. (PMID: 30288203)
J Obes. 2013;2013:567984. (PMID: 23509615)
Adv Nutr. 2021 Jun 1;12(3):647-656. (PMID: 33693484)
J Neurosci. 2009 Jan 14;29(2):359-70. (PMID: 19144836)
J Biol Chem. 1957 May;226(1):497-509. (PMID: 13428781)
Cell. 1996 Feb 9;84(3):491-5. (PMID: 8608603)
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 May 6;222(1):19-26. (PMID: 8630068)
J Clin Invest. 2004 Jul;114(2):147-52. (PMID: 15254578)
J Comp Physiol B. 2014 Feb;184(2):149-66. (PMID: 24129945)
Probl Actuels Endocrinol Nutr. 1963;7:77-85. (PMID: 14166758)
FASEB J. 2020 Jan;34(1):350-364. (PMID: 31914699)
Nutrients. 2021 Jul 28;13(8):. (PMID: 34444748)
PLoS One. 2017 Apr 27;12(4):e0176391. (PMID: 28448538)
Lipids. 2008 Jan;43(1):45-53. (PMID: 17985169)
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1982;1(3):303-9. (PMID: 7186043)
Lancet. 1956 Apr 28;270(6922):521-6. (PMID: 13320793)
Endocrinology. 2006 Feb;147(2):943-51. (PMID: 16269465)
PLoS One. 2016 Feb 22;11(2):e0149033. (PMID: 26901315)
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002 May 1;22(5):717-26. (PMID: 12006382)
Adv Nutr. 2017 Jan 17;8(1):173S-181S. (PMID: 28096141)
Front Nutr. 2022 Jan 13;8:748847. (PMID: 35118102)
Lipids. 2014 Jan;49(1):59-69. (PMID: 24081493)
Front Physiol. 2019 May 03;10:532. (PMID: 31130874)
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018 Jan;62(1):. (PMID: 28980402)
Diabetes. 2006 Nov;55(11):3053-60. (PMID: 17065342)
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 Dec;21(12):922-32. (PMID: 20674305)
J Lipid Res. 1975 Mar;16(2):134-42. (PMID: 1127353)
Diabetol Int. 2020 Dec 15;12(1):68-73. (PMID: 33479581)
Nature. 1994 Dec 1;372(6505):425-32. (PMID: 7984236)
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 May;1818(5):1309-17. (PMID: 22285120)
BMJ. 2019 Aug 21;366:l4697. (PMID: 31434641)
Pain. 2007 Dec 15;133(1-3):99-110. (PMID: 17449181)
Anal Biochem. 1972 Aug;48(2):422-7. (PMID: 4115981)
JAMA. 2007 Mar 28;297(12):1362-73. (PMID: 17384435)
Diabetes. 1988 Sep;37(9):1163-7. (PMID: 3044882)
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 16;10(3):e0120424. (PMID: 25775474)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Dec 15;303(12):E1469-78. (PMID: 23074242)
Int J Obes (Lond). 2019 Aug;43(8):1491-1492. (PMID: 30967607)
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011 Jan 30;8(1):7. (PMID: 21276269)
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Feb;1791(2):85-91. (PMID: 19166967)
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 Nov 20;854:224-38. (PMID: 9928433)
Geroscience. 2021 Aug;43(4):1783-1798. (PMID: 33650014)
Agents Actions. 1993;39 Spec No:C145-7. (PMID: 7505999)
Br J Nutr. 1997 May;77(5):805-23. (PMID: 9175999)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov;295(5):E1269-76. (PMID: 18796548)
Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:93-104. (PMID: 6328209)
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 23;9:861664. (PMID: 35399673)
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2010 Nov;12(6):384-90. (PMID: 20711693)
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2008 Jun;19(3):248-56. (PMID: 18460915)
Int J Obes (Lond). 2007 Apr;31(4):692-9. (PMID: 17224929)
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Jan;54(1):82-92. (PMID: 20013888)

84250223785 Kent'erbas project GAL Marghine 2014/2020 (grant number 84250223785 Call for REG. UE 1305/2013

Keywords: N-oleoylethanolamine (OEA); dietary fat; fatty acid metabolism; insulin resistance; mitochondria; obesity

0 (Fatty Acids)
0 (Dietary Fats)
0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated)
IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
0 (Palmitic Acids)

Date Created: 20231125 Date Completed: 20231127 Latest Revision: 20231127

20231215

PMC10674282

10.3390/nu15224761

38004155